Internet Protocol Suite TCP/IP
From Saferpedia
Internet protocols suite TCP/IP is the set of protocols used to communicate over the Internet and other similar networks. The name comes from two very important protocols: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and IP (Internet Protocol) which have been the first two network protocols defined by this standard. As many protocol suites, Internet protocols suite can be seen as a set of layers. Each layer solves problems involving data transmission an offer a well defined service for protocols in the upper layers. Upper layers are more close to the user and handle more abstract data basing on inferior protocols and translate data in formatted that are able to be transmitted. The TCP / IP suite includes four layers:
- Application layer;
- Transport layer;
- Network layer;
- Network Access.
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Application level
It refers to high level protocols used in most applications like Telnet, FTP and SMTP. These protocols are DNS, NNTP pr HTTP
Transport level
It deals with safety issues, flux control and error correction. It is designed to allow conversations between pair entities from the source and destination hosts. For these there have been defined two end-to-end protocols: TCP/IP and UDP (User Datagram Protocol). TCP/IP is a connection oriented protocol allowing a flux of bytes sent from a machine to reach without errors on any other machine in the network. UDP is an unsafe protocol without connections destined for applications wishing to use their own sequencing and flux control.
Network level
It's initial purpose was to ensure packages' routing inside a single network, but in time there have been added features of communication between a source network and a destination one.
Network Access level
Deals with all the transmission problems of an IP package including aspects about technologies and transmission environments.
This term is in development.
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